"peril" meaning in Middle English

See peril in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈpɛril/, /pɛˈriːl/, /ˈpɛrəl/, /ˈparəl/
Etymology: From Old French peril, from Latin perīculum. Etymology templates: {{bor|enm|fro|peril}} Old French peril, {{der|enm|la|perīculum}} Latin perīculum Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} peril, {{enm-noun|pl=perilles}} peril (plural perilles) Forms: perilles [plural], perile [alternative], periil [alternative], perel [alternative], peryle [alternative], pereyl [alternative], parelle [alternative], peryl [alternative], perell [alternative], perill [alternative], parell [alternative], pereil [alternative]
  1. Danger, risk, peril; something that is potentially harmful or risky:
    A location where danger, risk, or peril is present or likely.
    Sense id: en-peril-enm-noun-tAWxrn6z
  2. Danger, risk, peril; something that is potentially harmful or risky:
    A thing or enterprise which creates peril; anything which creates or which is of peril.
    Sense id: en-peril-enm-noun-3vUaAPMv Categories (other): Emotions Disambiguation of Emotions: 10 36 10 44
  3. Danger, risk, peril; something that is potentially harmful or risky:
    Sinfulness; religious threat or danger.
    Sense id: en-peril-enm-noun-7vK675ux Categories (other): Emotions, Religion Disambiguation of Emotions: 10 36 10 44 Disambiguation of Religion: 0 0 100 0
  4. (Late Middle English) Bad fortune; unluckiness or mischance. Tags: Late-Middle-English
    Sense id: en-peril-enm-noun-it4oyoH8 Categories (other): Late Middle English, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Emotions Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 19 26 15 40 Disambiguation of Emotions: 10 36 10 44
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: perilous, perilously

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "peril"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "peril"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "peril"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French peril",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "perīculum"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin perīculum",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French peril, from Latin perīculum.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "perilles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perile",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "periil",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perel",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peryle",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pereyl",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "parelle",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peryl",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perell",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perill",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "parell",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pereil",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "peril",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "perilles"
      },
      "expansion": "peril (plural perilles)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "perilous"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "perilously"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Danger, risk, peril; something that is potentially harmful or risky:",
        "A location where danger, risk, or peril is present or likely."
      ],
      "id": "en-peril-enm-noun-tAWxrn6z"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 36 10 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "enm:Emotions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Danger, risk, peril; something that is potentially harmful or risky:",
        "A thing or enterprise which creates peril; anything which creates or which is of peril."
      ],
      "id": "en-peril-enm-noun-3vUaAPMv"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 36 10 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "enm:Emotions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Religion",
          "orig": "enm:Religion",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Danger, risk, peril; something that is potentially harmful or risky:",
        "Sinfulness; religious threat or danger."
      ],
      "id": "en-peril-enm-noun-7vK675ux"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Late Middle English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 26 15 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 36 10 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "enm:Emotions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Bad fortune; unluckiness or mischance."
      ],
      "id": "en-peril-enm-noun-it4oyoH8",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Late Middle English) Bad fortune; unluckiness or mischance."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛril/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛˈriːl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛrəl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈparəl/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "peril"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Emotions",
    "enm:Religion"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "peril"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "peril"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "peril"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French peril",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "perīculum"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin perīculum",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French peril, from Latin perīculum.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "perilles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perile",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "periil",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perel",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peryle",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pereyl",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "parelle",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peryl",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perell",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perill",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "parell",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pereil",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "peril",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "perilles"
      },
      "expansion": "peril (plural perilles)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "perilous"
    },
    {
      "word": "perilously"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Danger, risk, peril; something that is potentially harmful or risky:",
        "A location where danger, risk, or peril is present or likely."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Danger, risk, peril; something that is potentially harmful or risky:",
        "A thing or enterprise which creates peril; anything which creates or which is of peril."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Danger, risk, peril; something that is potentially harmful or risky:",
        "Sinfulness; religious threat or danger."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Late Middle English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Bad fortune; unluckiness or mischance."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Late Middle English) Bad fortune; unluckiness or mischance."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛril/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛˈriːl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɛrəl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈparəl/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "peril"
}

Download raw JSONL data for peril meaning in Middle English (2.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.